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Juvenile ArthritisJuvenile Arthritis (JA), also known as Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) aa
Symptoms
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is often a persistent condition, and the exact symptoms and the severity of the symptoms differ from child to child. Juvenile arthritis can affect every child and adolescent differently.
In addition, the pain and discomfort experienced, as well as the joints affected, can change on a daily and even hourly basis.
Few children with JIA have many outward signs of the condition but this does not mean that all are free from pain or fatigue.
Everyday tasks such as tying shoelaces, sending SMS messages, learning a musical instrument, turning on a tap, and even carrying school books can prove
extremely difficult for some children who suffer from severe JIA.
Risk Factors
The main risk factors for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) include:
- Sex
- Age
- Family history
Girls are more likely to develop JIA than boys, and although it can occur at any time, it most commonly develops in children between the ages of 2 and 6.
In most cases, there appears to be no family history of the condition, and no genetic link has yet been identified.
Causes
There is no known cause of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), and in most cases, there appears to be no genetic or family history link for the condition..
Diagnosis
To obtain a diagnosis for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), a doctor may perform one or more of the following tests:
- Physical examination,
- Medical history check,
- Blood tests,
- X-Rays of the affected joints, and/or,
- A fluid sample from the affected joint.
These tests will help to confirm a diagnosis, or help rule out other types of Arthritis.
Complications / Issues
Like all forms of Arthritis, if left untreated, the sufferer may experience severe pain and discomfort, which will impact on all facets of their life.
Treatment
Currently, there is no cure for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). In addition, it is not currently possible to estimate how long JIA may last, or which joints may be affected, or the severity of the symptoms
However, some innovative treatment strategies have been developed and for managing the condition, and these are meeting with significant success.
Joint inflammation and pain can be addressed by a range of new medications that are now available. In addition, treatment by a rheumatologist and occupational therapist or physiotherapist can often readily improve the condition. Specialist paediatric units can also assist.
Various physical aids, such as slope-boards, special scissors and pens, height-adjustable chairs, desks and footrests, small trolleys that make carrying easier, and so on, can all assist with the management of JIA.
Many children and adolescents gradually recover over time.
As with all forms of Arthritis, treatment will provide the best results if:
- Sufferers make efforts to learn about and understand their condition.
- Sufferers learn techniques to help manage their arthritis.
- Sufferers should begin treatment as soon as possible to begin managing the condition, reduce pain and discomfort, minimise joint / bone deterioration, and help them maintain mobility.
- Sufferers should consult their doctor / rheumatologist regularly so that they can keep up to date with new treatments and management techniques.
Prevention
There is no way to prevent the onset of this form of Arthritis, however, the symptoms of the condition can be managed and treated to reduce pain, discomfort, and damage to joints and bones.
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